解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::When speaking, we dynamically coordinate movements of our jaw, tongue, lips, and larynx. To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying articulation, we used direct cortical recordings from human sensorimotor cortex while participants spoke natural sentences that included sounds spanning the entire English phonetic i...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.04.031
更新日期:2018-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine has been found to have rapid and long-lasting antidepressive effects. Two elegant studies from Hailan Hu's laboratory (Cui et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2018) showed that ketamine blocks burst firing of neurons in the lateral habenula (LHb), rapidly relieving ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.05.032
更新日期:2018-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Conditioned place preference (CPP) is a widely used model of addiction-related behavior whose underlying mechanisms are not understood. In this study, we used dual site silicon probe recordings in freely moving mice to examine interactions between the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens in cocaine CPP. We found that CPP...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.04.015
更新日期:2018-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasound has received widespread attention as an emerging technology for targeted, non-invasive neuromodulation based on its ability to evoke electrophysiological and motor responses in animals. However, little is known about the spatiotemporal pattern of ultrasound-induced brain activity that could drive these resp...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.05.009
更新日期:2018-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::To achieve simultaneous measurement of multiple cellular events in molecularly defined groups of neurons in vivo, we designed a spectrometer-based fiber photometry system that allows for spectral unmixing of multiple fluorescence signals recorded from deep brain structures in behaving animals. Using green and red Ca2+...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.04.012
更新日期:2018-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Live imaging studies in mice show that adult-born oligodendrocytes and myelin are remarkably stable. Neural activity enhances oligodendrocyte integration, arguing that internode addition rather than alteration represents the mechanism for any experience-dependent cortical myelination changes that might underpin learni...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.05.005
更新日期:2018-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::People often perceive configurations rather than the elements they comprise, a bias that may emerge because configurations often predict outcomes. But how does the brain learn to associate configurations with outcomes and how does this learning differ from learning about individual elements? We combined behavior, rein...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.042
更新日期:2018-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Voltage-gated calcium channels couple depolarization of the cell-surface membrane to entry of calcium, which triggers secretion, contraction, neurotransmission, gene expression, and other physiological responses. They are encoded by ten genes, which generate three voltage-gated calcium channel subfamilies: CaV1; CaV2;...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.017
更新日期:2018-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Contexts exert bi-directional control over relapse to drug seeking. Contexts associated with drug self-administration promote relapse, whereas contexts associated with the absence of self-administration protect against relapse. The nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) is a key brain region determining these roles of contex...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.033
更新日期:2018-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Diagnoses of behavioral disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia are based on symptomatic descriptions that have been difficult to connect to mechanism. Although psychiatric genetics provide insight into the genetic underpinning of such disorders, with a majority of cases explained by polygenic fac...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.021
更新日期:2018-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::How primates perceive objects along with their detailed features remains a mystery. This ability to make fine visual discriminations depends upon a high-acuity analysis of spatial frequency (SF) along the visual hierarchy from V1 to inferotemporal cortex. By studying the transformation of SF across macaque parafoveal ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.009
更新日期:2018-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::To interpret visual-motion events, the underlying computation must involve internal reference to the motion status of the observer's head. We show here that layer 6 (L6) principal neurons in mouse primary visual cortex (V1) receive a diffuse, vestibular-mediated synaptic input that signals the angular velocity of hori...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.02.023
更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Screens for genes that orchestrate neural circuit formation in mammals have been hindered by practical constraints of germline mutagenesis. To overcome these limitations, we combined RNA-seq with somatic CRISPR mutagenesis to study synapse development in the mouse retina. Here synapses occur between cellular layers, f...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.004
更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes are complex bushy cells that serve important functions through close contacts between their processes and synapses. However, the spatial interactions and dynamics of astrocyte processes relative to synapses have proven problematic to study in adult living brain tissue. Here, we report a genetically targeted...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.003
更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Neuron, Luo and Maunsell (2018) use signal detection theory to demonstrate that the modulatory effects of attention on neuronal responses in the lateral prefrontal cortex during change detection can be due to changes in an observer's sensitivity or shifts in their response criterion. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.012
更新日期:2018-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroligins (NLs) are critical for synapse formation and function. NL3 R451C is an autism-associated mutation. NL3 R451C knockin (KI) mice exhibit autistic behavioral abnormalities, including social novelty deficits. However, neither the brain regions involved in social novelty nor the underlying mechanisms are clearl...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.02.001
更新日期:2018-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in TREM2 increase risk for late-onset AD. In this issue of Neuron, Zhao et al. (2018) show that TREM2 binds Aβ to enhance its clearance and Lee et al. (2018) demonstrate that human TREM2 expression in AD mice ameliorates Aβ-associated deficits. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.02.018
更新日期:2018-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::The online maintenance and manipulation of information in working memory (WM) is essential for guiding behavior based on our goals. Understanding how WM alters sensory processing in pursuit of different behavioral objectives is therefore crucial to establish the neural basis of our goal-directed behavior. Here we show...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.01.012
更新日期:2018-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane excitability is a fundamentally important feature for all excitable cells including both neurons and muscle cells. However, the background depolarizing conductances in excitable cells, especially in muscle cells, are not well characterized. Although mutations in transmembrane channel-like (TMC) proteins TMC1 ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.041
更新日期:2018-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Using a novel visual-tactile paradigm in rats, Nikbakht et al. (2018) describe multisensory behavior that outperformed predictions of optimal cue combination (indicating cross-modal synergy) and exposed encoding in PPC neurons (of stimulus and choice signals) that was independent of stimulus modality. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.01.041
更新日期:2018-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::In uncertain environments, decision-makers must balance two goals: they must "exploit" rewarding options but also "explore" in order to discover rewarding alternatives. Exploring and exploiting necessarily change how the brain responds to identical stimuli, but little is known about how these states, and transitions b...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.007
更新日期:2018-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in military-funded neurotechnology and novel opportunities for misusing neurodevices show that the problem of dual use is inherent to neuroscience. This paper discusses how the neuroscience community should respond to these dilemmas and delineates a neuroscience-specific biosecurity framework. This neu...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.017
更新日期:2018-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Mesolimbic dopamine (DA) neurons play a central role in motivation and reward processing. Although the activity of these mesolimbic DA neurons is controlled by afferent inputs, little is known about the circuits in which they are embedded. Using retrograde tracing, electrophysiology, optogenetics, and behavioral assay...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.022
更新日期:2018-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Simple decisions arise from the evaluation of sensory evidence. But decisions are determined by more than just evidence. Individuals establish internal decision criteria that influence how they respond. Where or how decision criteria are established in the brain remains poorly understood. Here, we show that neuronal a...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.006
更新日期:2018-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Neuron, Moehle et al. (2017) demonstrate that presynaptic muscarinic receptors counteract the effects of dopamine in an output nucleus of the basal ganglia. They provide intracellular, anatomical, and network-level mechanisms for this cholinergic-dopaminergic interplay. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.014
更新日期:2017-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine (DA) transmission mediates numerous aspects of behavior. Although DA release is strongly linked to firing of DA neurons, recent developments indicate the importance of presynaptic modulation at striatal dopaminergic terminals. The endocannabinoid (eCB) system regulates DA release and is a canonical gatekeeper...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.012
更新日期:2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Targeted therapy for neuropsychiatric disorders requires selective modulation of dysfunctional neuronal pathways. Receptors relevant to CNS disorders typically have associated proteins discretely expressed in specific neuronal pathways; these accessory proteins provide a new dimension for drug discovery. Recent studie...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.10.001
更新日期:2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) number at synapses is a major mechanism for controlling synaptic strength during homeostatic scaling in response to global changes in neural activity. We show that the secreted guidance cue semaphorin 3F (Sema3F) and its neuropilin-2 (Npn-2)/plexinA3 (PlexA3) holorece...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.10.029
更新日期:2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Yoon et al. (2017) uncover a key role for the m6A RNA mark in regulating the timing of cerebral cortex development in mouse and human. This discovery opens new avenues of exploration into how the epitranscriptome helps orchestrate central nervous system formation. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.002
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic scaling is a key homeostatic plasticity mechanism and is thought to be involved in the regulation of cortical activity levels. Here we investigated the spatial scale of homeostatic changes in spine size following sensory deprivation in a subset of inhibitory (layer 2/3 GAD65-positive) and excitatory (layer 5 ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.052
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::At each of the brain's vast number of synapses, the presynaptic nerve terminal, synaptic cleft, and postsynaptic specialization form a transcellular unit to enable efficient transmission of information between neurons. While we know much about the molecular machinery within each compartment, we are only beginning to u...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.10.006
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Neuron, Kupferschmidt et al. (2017) reveal the shifting dynamics of functionally defined corticostriatal pathways during skill learning in mice using fiber photometry. They show different time courses in plasticity of associative and sensorimotor circuits across learning that involve changes at both t...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.046
更新日期:2017-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Compelling evidence links amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide accumulation in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with the emergence of learning and memory deficits, yet a clear understanding of the events that drive this synaptic pathology are lacking. We present evidence that neurons exposed to Aβ are unable to fo...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.041
更新日期:2017-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::A meta-analysis of non-human primates performing three different tasks (Object-Match, Category-Match, and Category-Saccade associations) revealed signatures of explicit and implicit learning. Performance improved equally following correct and error trials in the Match (explicit) tasks, but it improved more after corre...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.032
更新日期:2017-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Hippocampal replays have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in memory. Chains of ripples (ripple bursts) in CA1 have been reported to co-occur with long-range place cell sequence replays during the quiet awake state, but roles of neural inputs to CA1 in ripple bursts and replays are unknown. Here we show that ri...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.017
更新日期:2017-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Neuron, Costa et al. (2017) introduce a theoretical framework that predicts the ratio of presynaptic and postsynaptic changes taking place during LTP and LTD and show that these processes co-operate so as to optimize the postsynaptic response statistics. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.022
更新日期:2017-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is increasingly recognized to regulate gene expression across different cell types, but obtaining APA maps from individual cell types typically requires prior purification, a stressful procedure that can itself alter cellular states. Here, we describe a new platform, cTag-PAPERCLIP, t...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.08.024
更新日期:2017-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in social preference of amphibian larvae result from sustained exposure to kinship odorants. To understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this neuroplasticity, we investigated the effects of olfactory system activation on neurotransmitter (NT) expression in accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) interneurons...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.08.023
更新日期:2017-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Input-timing-dependent plasticity (ITDP) is a circuit-based synaptic learning rule by which paired activation of entorhinal cortical (EC) and Schaffer collateral (SC) inputs to hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons (PNs) produces a long-term enhancement of SC excitation. We now find that paired stimulation of EC and SC in...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.07.036
更新日期:2017-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Basal ganglia (BG) circuits orchestrate complex motor behaviors predominantly via inhibitory synaptic outputs. Although these inhibitory BG outputs are known to reduce the excitability of postsynaptic target neurons, precisely how this change impairs motor performance remains poorly understood. Here, we show that opto...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.08.028
更新日期:2017-08-30 00:00:00